- Visual acuity and eye pressure checks
- Dilating drops to widen the pupils
- Examination of the retina, blood vessels and optic nerve
- Retinal photos and often an OCT scan to check for macular swelling
Some primary care offices use FDA-cleared AI retinal cameras for screening, with positive results referred to an eye doctor. Plan for blurry, light-sensitive vision for a few hours after dilation.
What happens during a diabetic eye exam?
Your pupils are dilated so the doctor can examine the retina, often with retinal photos and an OCT scan.
USA Diabetic Eye Exam: Quick Facts
- Type 2 diabetes
- First exam at diagnosis
- Type 1 diabetes
- Within 5 years of diagnosis
- Frequency
- Yearly (1–2 years if low risk)
- Key tests
- Dilated retinal exam, imaging, OCT
- Medicare
- Part B covers once a year
- Billing
- Usually medical insurance
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Disclaimer: This guide is for general information and is not medical advice. Coverage, prices and requirements change and vary by provider and location. Confirm details with your provider, insurer or the agency listed in the sources. Read our editorial policy.