Diabetic Retinopathy and Other Findings

• Nonproliferative retinopathy: damaged, leaky blood vessels
• Proliferative retinopathy: fragile new vessels that can bleed or detach the retina
• Diabetic macular edema: swelling of central vision, often treated with anti-VEGF injections
• Higher risk of cataracts and glaucoma

USA Diabetic Eye Exam: Quick Facts

Type 2 diabetes

First exam at diagnosis

Type 1 diabetes

Within 5 years of diagnosis

Frequency

Yearly (1–2 years if low risk)

Key tests

Dilated retinal exam, imaging, OCT

Medicare

Part B covers once a year

Billing

Usually medical insurance

Disclaimer: This guide is for general information and is not medical advice. Coverage, prices and requirements change and vary by provider and location. Confirm details with your provider, insurer or the agency listed in the sources. Read our editorial policy.